Iceland: The ideal place for hydrogen economy

Iceland is a corridor study of hydrogen Digital Camcorder Battery, hydrogen economy, the ideal place where to explore in this regard are more, it is mainly the following five reasons:

① Iceland is a small size but a highly developed society, a population of only 280,000, most of them living in the Reykjavik area. Thus, small projects here than in big cities have far-reaching influence (3 public transport vehicles accounted for 4% of the total transport vehicles);

② Iceland from the past, an energy exchange for the use of alternative energy experience. In the period 1940 to 1975, room heating from the use of oil converted to the use of geothermal heat. Therefore, people are more receptive to changes in energy use;

③ Iceland and other developed countries have a similar transport system, and his standards, hence, the results of any project to other developed societies are also effective;

④ Iceland a bad environment, seasonal changes in large, complex terrain, which will contribute to the new hydrogen energy technology assessment;

⑤ 99% of Iceland in renewable energy to the geothermal and hydroelectric energy, the geothermal steam turbines, as well as through the hydro-electric power to produce hydrogen.

The Icelandic government has publicly committed to Iceland into the world’s first entirely Digital Camera Battery by renewable energy for energy economic entity. The process is divided into three stages: ① 3 liquid hydrogen fuel vehicles on the road trial run; ② a transport vehicle to provide energy from hydrogen; ③ other means of transport, including trucks and boats are to be hydrogen energy supply. In May 1999, major companies, including VistOrka hf (51%) Shell Hydrogen (16.33%) Norsk Hydro (16.33%), DaimlerChrysler (16.33%), together established the Icelandic New Energy Ltd (Icelandic New Energy Ltd, INE), INE is aimed at detection technology, together with the Government of Iceland and distribution system security and stability. INE’s first task is to create a project to explore the possibility of hydrogen, which in turn leads to ECTOS (Ecological City Transport System) concept. ECTOS mainly around the building in Reykjavik city of Shell Hydrogen’s retail service stations. The project of hydrogen through renewable energy electrolysis of water obtained, and the gas station production, storage and distribution for each bus to provide energy. DaimlerChrysler has created the project in the three hydrogen buses. Of the motor vehicle from the compressed hydrogen gas to provide energy to supplement the process of hydrogen filling stations are also carried out. Fuel cell and storage tank design and installation of the Mercedes-Benz Citaro vehicles at the top. High-pressure hydrogen storage tank pressure of 350bar, by Dynatek companies. According to the number of passengers, 12m long Citaro vehicles at maximum speed (about 80km / h) at least be able to run 200km.

ECTOS projects are just the beginning, the fuel cell cost per kilowatt to 1 million, is now the same specifications of the fuel cell only 120 dollars. In addition, the previous fuel cell can not work below 0 degrees Celsius, it must be warm at night, and now the work of minus 20 degrees Celsius there is no problem.

In addition, Iceland’s social environment is also desirable. Iceland’s economy increasingly dependent on the hydrogen addition, Iceland’s technical, financial, and political groups will hydrogen development as an effective way to achieve their ambitions, one, namely: to Iceland for their energy needs are capable of self-sufficiency . In Iceland, the government for each school 10 to 15-year-old children to provide educational materials related to hydrogen and another through the media publicity. As a result, the mass of hydrogen in Iceland’s support rate was 90%, people will be Iceland’s hydrogen experiment as a base for the world and hope that one day the world were able to learn from Iceland Canon Battery and faster to achieve zero pollution emissions.

Ministry of Finance: increase the number of non-duty-free goods into the four

“Directory” to “domestic investment projects are not duty-free imported goods directory” (revised in 2000, 2002 adjustment) once again conducted a large-scale restructuring, merging the original cross, duplicate content, and refine and improve the old directory in the part of the entry, not the number of duty-free imports in 2000 from the old catalog of more than 360 to more than 900 articles. New non-duty-free goods are mainly communications equipment and medical equipment, as well as other domestic already have manufacturing capacity, technological level has been able to meet domestic demand equipment. Some high-tech products, such as micro-computers and peripherals, copying equipment (including MFP), digital cameras, video cameras and video camcorders and other electrical appliances; stand-alone machine ≤ 800kW wind turbines, solar photovoltaic system and battery components and other new energy sources, renewable energy equipment, as well as all cars, motorcycles, complete sets of spare parts and spare parts, are not tax-free.

In its announcement, the Ministry of Finance stated that since March 1, 2007 new cases of domestic investment projects approved by the import of equipment, all in accordance with the implementation of the new directory. March 1, 2007 previously approved domestic investment projects, their equipment in the January 1, 2008 imports are still under the old catalog implementation; January 1, 2008 after (including January 1) imported under the new Catalog of .

Ministry of Finance official said that this policy change is to implement the “State Council on Accelerating the revitalization of the equipment manufacturing industry a number of opinions” is an important measure for the domestic equipment manufacturing enterprises in independent innovation Canon BP-208, to provide a relatively level playing field.

Standardization of mobile phone charger who hi who is worried?

Recently, the Ministry of Information Industry formally announced the “Mobile Communications Handset Charger and Interface Technology Requirements and test methods” communication industry standards, the standard number is: YD/T1591-2006. It is reported that the interface of the standard reference in the context of the Universal Serial Bus  USB type interface specification, and a unified interface, located in the charger side of the connection. Ministry of Information Industry official said, the implementation of this standard will provide the public with more convenient mobile use of the environment, reduce consumption costs, reduce e-waste pollution.

Internationally, there is no movement of a cell phone interface standard, while China is now the standard launched their stance simply is the recommended standard of the industry. According to experts, the standard is generally divided into several categories: National Institute of Standards and industry standards; mandatory standards and recommended standards. In a variety of standards, recommended the industry standard for enterprise-binding is the weakest. After the announcement of the response from the standard point of view, a number of multinational mobile phone manufacturers seem to this standard is not very welcome.

From a consumer perspective, any kind of product, all of the parts are standardized, it is the most convenient; however, for enterprises, standardization means that product homogeneity means that the price war is a high-profit biggest enemy. 1 The industry believes that standardization Canon BP-511 charger will give great impact on the industry chain. First of all, from the current models of mobile phone sales, cell phone charger has been bundled with the mobile phone sales, cell phone manufacturers an important source of profits; while for mobile phones supporting industry, the standard is not good news, if passed, the implementation of , rated the impact of shocks. At present, more than 50% of the chargers are all produced in-laws Luoding City, Guangdong Province, cities and towns. In the attached town, has formed a unit of Emerson’s Astec charger as the leading industry gathering area. Specializing in the production Astec charger mobile phone industry in recent years, thanks to the rapid development of its own output is somersaults trend to increase, the current annual output has reached more than 1 billion U.S. dollars.

Once the charger after the implementation of standardized, buy cell phone without the need to buy battery charger, or even one person can share one charger, charger market capacity is bound to be reduced sharply, therefore, for these enterprises, so that they welcomed the new standard, that there are some difficult one.

In addition, the charger standardization, interface should be unified, which allows businesses to redesign the appearance of the phone. This will allow China’s mobile phone with global mobile phone is different from other markets, a number of multinational companies have to design specifically for the Chinese market, mobile phone charger and interface, there are enterprises are worried that it would increase its own R & D costs and manufacturing costs. The view was expressed even think that, even if not to increase business costs, but also erected barriers to foreign like product is suspected.

An industry expert said that if the government department in charge of industrial development from the height of judgments that it is necessary to carry out mandatory uniform mobile phone accessories, while the handset manufacturers are unwilling to give up immediate interests, government Canon LP-E5 authorities may consider the legislative process through the establishment of the relevant , this standard will be established as standards of conduct, mandatory, mandatory in the domestic production and sales of mobile phone companies must be implemented. Experts believe that, from the perspective of the whole industry, the standardization of the mobile phone industry is of great significance, especially in terms of domestic mobile phones is very useful. However, there are point of view, from the current situation, is difficult to achieve in a short time the standard enforced.

Some people think that the biggest obstacle to the standardization of mobile phones will affect the users to personalize the appearance of demand, they are worried that mobile phone standard would adversely affect the appearance of mobile phone personalization. But experts said that more standardized in terms of hardware and software aimed at mobile phones, while the individual refers to the shape of personalization, the two are not irreconcilable contradiction. Under the new standards, development of new technologies at the same time, of course, take into account the user for personal appearance requirements.

Experts as an example the newly introduced standard charger, universal charger standard USB interface, in reference to the type of interface specification, and a unified interface connections located in the side of the charger. The purpose of the standard is only conducive to improving efficiency, personalized design for mobile phones no effect.

In addition, the mobile phone to a smart phone in the development stage, has produced a similar PC-logical structure: the hardware platform, the operating system, the operating system on top of the application. Despite the variety of mobile phone application business look, it seems very difficult to Canon NB-1LH standardize, but in fact, supporting these applications, application platforms and operating systems can all be standardized.

In fact, from a macro perspective, the standardization of mobile phones is in line with the overall interests of industry, standardization of the development of the whole industry, including industrial chain to be beneficial in terms of: the user-Needless to say, after standardization is conducive to application of software providers to provide more and richer applications; As a result, users can more fully and easily using the operator’s services, so in terms of standardization in the operators, but also a good thing. While mobile phone production enterprises, in the short term, standardization may lose some profits, but in the long run, the higher the degree of standardization, product cost lower.

Looking from a PC to the server, and then to software product laptop batteries development process, we can see that the direction of development of these products are open, standardization, mobile phones will no doubt go that day. But, this day, how far?